According to the preliminary reports from the International Energy Agency (IEA), global Carbon-dioxide emissions from combustion of fossil-fuel have risen more than expected, with a record high of 31.6 Gt (gigatonnes) in 2011, thanks to a huge jump in Chinese emissions. Worldwide carbon emissions rose to 3.2 percent in 2011, representing an increase of 1 gigatonnes. Carbon was responsible for about 45 percent of the overall energy related carbon-dioxide emissions, followed by oil with 35 percent and natural gas 20 percent. Carbon emissions also declined in the United States and Europe but not enough to counter China's 9.3 percent rise.