The story of Indian kitchens is long and interesting. Kitchens, which were confined to being a dedicated space in the heart of the house, have seen a spectacular transformation over the years. The path has been nothing short of intriguing. This article aims to dig into the history and explore how these culinary spaces have transformed into the modern marvels we see today.
A Historical Perspective
Indian kitchens have evolved from outdoor cooking on the floor to contemporary, cutting-edge gas and electrical appliances combined with standing breakfast counters and air-conditioned interiors, where meals are enjoyed. They have adapted to changing lifestyles and requirements.
Historically, Indian kitchens were rooted in tradition, reflecting the rich culinary culture and diversity. Traditional kitchen designs varied significantly depending on cuisine, climate and materials. Cooking tools were basic – brass vessels and clay pots were the standard. In some areas, kitchens were an open area where families gathered to cook. Even during the 1980s and 90s, Indian kitchens were still largely manual, with no appliances and minimal furniture. Food preparation was time-consuming.
The journey from the traditional clay pots to the contemporary era with electrical hobs and induction plates simply reflects the advancements in tech and culinary practices. The chulha was the centrepiece of traditional kitchens. They were simple, ingenious cooking stoves which were made from clay or mud bricks. To fuel it, people typically used wood, crop residue, and cow dung. The structure: multiple compartments for cooking numerous dishes simultaneously. The chulha was remarkably effective and often doubled as a source of warmth for colder months.
The Rise of Modular Kitchens
The late 1990s marked the arrival of the modern kitchens we see today. These kitchens saw a more systematic approach. The kitchens’ spatial dynamics have witnessed significant changes in in-house facilities. From the naturally ventilated spaces to the high-tech indoor exhaust systems, cooking spaces have transitioned from larger to compact spaces integrated with cooking, washing, cold storage and other appliances. Earlier, cooking was mostly done outdoors. The evolution of the Indian kitchen ensured that the kitchen actually moved into the home. Built-in cooktops, chimneys and accessories make the kitchen space contained within the house. Back in the day, groceries were also stored in separate storerooms. All groceries needed for cooking had to be collected from the other room. When the modern kitchen concept came into place, these items never went back.
The traditional chulha gave way to gas stoves and kitchen designs with built-in storage layouts that combined style and function. Storage solutions became even smarter with corner units, pull-out drawers, and overhead cabinets. At the same time, workflows were optimised, and countertops and appliances took centre stage. The shift transformed spaces into stylish and comfortable kitchens perfect for daily use.
Among all the elements, the biggest change in the Indian kitchen is in gender neutrality. Earlier, kitchens which were exclusively for women have now turned out to be ergonomically designed without factoring in gender. Cooking is a question of passion now – we have moved to a society which is less patriarchal than it was.
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