SQL subqueries with ‘exists’ clause and multiple tables

sorry, not enough reputation to post images. I have 3 SQL tables:

x1: {‘a’:1,2,3,4,5},

x2: {‘c’:1,1,1,2,2,3,3, ‘d’:1,3,5,1,3,1,1},

x3: {‘b’:1,3,5}


The query is:

select a from x1 
where not exists (
  select * from x3
  where not exists (
    select *
    from x2
    where x1.a = x2.c and x3.b=x2.d
  )
)

The result from the following query is ‘1‘, but I can’t understand what are the steps taken to get to that result.

What is being returned in which subquery?

Steffy Alen

Steffy Alen